Seoul

Seoul's post-war reconstruction was about more than just rebuilding; it was about crafting a vision of a modern, megacity. One of the standout achievements of Seoul's urban planning is its comprehensive and efficient public transportation network. The Seoul Metropolitan Subway, featuring lines like Line 1, Line 2, and Line 4, crisscrosses the city, providing residents and visitors with seamless connectivity to various districts and attractions. This subway system, complemented by an extensive bus and rail network, underscores Seoul's commitment to efficient urban mobility. Train stations offer connectivity between local subway lines, bus connections, as well as KTX high speed rail services connecting the entire country. The stations themselves operate as local economies, each containing a variety of shops and underground malls to peruse.

Seoul's approach to transportation far goes beyond connectivity. The city optimizes all modes of transit, promoting convenience and accessibility. Residents and visitors alike can effortlessly traverse the city on foot, by bicycle, or by using public transportation like buses and subways. Buses connect the Seoul to the surrounding communities and the city’s highway network reflects a balancing of priorities. The highway system and roads do not compromise the walkability of the city. Seoul's dedication to reducing traffic congestion and encouraging sustainable commuting is evident through initiatives aimed at creating pedestrian-friendly streetscapes and green spaces.

Cheonggyecheon, a waterway meandering through the heart of Seoul's bustling city center, was initially covered by an elevated highway in the 1960s. The highway was constructed as part of a broader plan to address traffic congestion and modernize the city. However, over the years, it became clear that this highway was a barrier that disconnected neighborhoods and obscured the natural beauty of the stream.Seoul's leaders recognized the need for change, and in the early 2000s, they embarked on an ambitious urban revitalization project. The decision to remove the highway and restore Cheonggyecheon to its natural state involved meticulous landscaping, including the addition of walking paths, lush greenery, and water features. Bridges were constructed to facilitate easy access, allowing residents and visitors to traverse the stream's length and experience its serenity. The once-neglected urban stream was reborn as a beautifully landscaped public space, providing a respite from the city's hustle and bustle.

Seoul’s approach to urban planning following the years of dramatic growth contain valuable insights into how cities can incorporate their own developments. Its planning featured a heavy emphasis on preserving cultural heritage, seen in the various UNESCO world heritage sites integrated into the city proper. Sustainable design is also featured heavily in the city’s design elements, from the development of the Cheonggyecheon Stream, Yeouido Hangang Park, Seoul Forest, and the rapid transit network running deep through Seoul. Finally, their approach to building an extensive road network without intruding on existing pedestrian and transit areas offers the power of choice for residents who may prefer one option over the other.